WEATHER DATA FOR THE
PREVAILING WEEK
Date of Foundation
Pruning: 16/04/2022
Thursday
(19/05/022)–Wednesday (25/05/2022)
Location |
Temperature
(°C) |
Possibility of Rain |
Cloud Cover |
Wind Speed
(Km/hr)
Min-Max |
R H%
|
||
Min |
Max |
Min |
Max |
||||
Nashik |
23-25 |
35-38 |
Nashik -Fri- Drizzling,
Dindori- Fri , Mon- Drizzling, Vani, Loni, Palkhed, Kalwan,
Pimpalgaon Baswant, Ozar- Thu-Wed - No Rain. |
Clear to
cloudy |
16-33 |
19-31 |
75-86 |
Pune |
22-23 |
33-39 |
Pune- Fri- Drizzling.
Phursungi, Loni Kalbhor, Uruli Kanchan, Patas, Yavat, Narayangaon,
Indapur, Baramati –Thu-Wed - No Rain. |
Clear to
cloudy |
15-30 |
18-40 |
72-81 |
Solapur |
23-24 |
34-37 |
Solapur, Ausa- Thu, Fri,
Sat- Drizzling to Moderate rain, Latur, Pandharpur- Thu, Fri-
Drizzling, Barshi, - Fri- Drizzling, Vairag, Nannaj- Thu- Drizzling.
Tuljapur- Thu-Wed - No Rain. |
Clear to
cloudy |
12-30 |
19-25 |
49-63 |
Sangli |
23-24 |
30-33 |
Sangli, Tasgaon, Kawthe,
Khanapur Vita, Palus, Arag, Kagvad- Thu, Fri- Drizzling Miraj- Thu,
Fri, Sat, Mon- Drizzling, Walva- Fri- Drizzling. Shirguppi- Thu-
Drizzling, Shetfal, , Palsi- Thu-Wed- No Rain. |
Clear to
cloudy |
13-29 |
29-41 |
73-81 |
Vijayapura |
21-25 |
31-35 |
Vijayapura- Thu, Fri Sat-
Drizzling to moderate rain Chadchan, Tikota & Telsang – Thu-
Drizzling. |
Clear to
cloudy |
12-36 |
26-43 |
44-76 |
Hyderabad |
22-24 |
33-37 |
Hyderabad, Medchal– Thu,
Fri, Wed-Drizzling. Zahirabad– Thu, Tue, Wed- Drizzling. |
Clear to
cloudy |
10-23 |
18-41 |
44-70 |
Satara |
22-24 |
32-34 |
Satara, Khatav, Phaltan-
Thu-Wed- No Rain. |
Clear |
11-25 |
24-44 |
75-86 |
Ahmednagar |
22-25 |
38-39 |
Jamkhed, Karjat- Fri -
Drizzling. Ahmednagar, Akole, Rahata, Kopargaon,
Shrigonda, Sangamner, - Thu-Wed- No Rain. |
Clear to
cloudy |
17-33 |
15-22 |
45-71 |
Jalna |
23-27 |
39-40 |
Gansawangi, - Fri-
Drizzling Mantha, Ambad, Jalna, Jafrabad - Thu- Wed- No Rain. |
Clear to
cloudy |
14-29 |
14-18 |
27-56 |
Buldhana |
26-30 |
39-42 |
Buldana, Fri, Sat -
Drizzling Chikhli, Sindkhedraja, Fri- Drizzling D.raja- Thu- Wed- No
Rain |
Clear
to cloudy |
13-29 |
15-18 |
32-56 |
Kolhapur |
25-26 |
28-34 |
Gagan-bavada - Thu, Fri,
Sat, Sun, Mon- Drizzling, Kagal, Karveer- Fri, Sat - Drizzling. |
Clear to
cloudy |
08-13 |
44-70 |
92-94 |
Bengaluru
Rural |
17-19 |
22-25 |
Anekal- Thu Fri, Sat,
Sun, Mon- Drizzling-Moderate rain. Doddaballapur, Thu Fri, Sun,
-Drizzling-Moderate rain. Bengaluru-east, Bengaluru-north, Bengaluru-south-
Thu Fri, Sat, Sun- Drizzling- Moderate rain. |
Clear to
cloudy |
08-27 |
52-81 |
78-90 |
Belagavi |
22-24 |
24-32 |
Belagavi, Chikodi- Thu
Fri, Sat, Mon- Drizzling- Moderate rain. Gokak, Athni- Thu Fri, Sat-
Drizzling- Moderate rain. Khanapur - Thu Fri, Sat, Sun, Mon -
Drizzling- Moderate rain. |
Clear to
cloudy |
12-23 |
39-75 |
88-91 |
Bidar |
21-23 |
33-36 |
Bidar, Basavakalyan,
Humnabad – Thu Fri, Sat - Drizzling- Moderate
rain. |
Clear to
cloudy |
11-26 |
19-37 |
46-65 |
Bagalkot |
20-24 |
23-32 |
Bagalkot,
Mudhol, Jamkhandi,– Thu Fri, Sat - Drizzling- Moderate rain.
Hungund- Thu Fri, Sat, Mon - Drizzling- Moderate rain. |
Clear to
cloudy |
11-33 |
33-69 |
50-80 |
Note: Above weather information is
summary of weather forecasting given in following websites
https://www.wunderground.com/?cm_ven=cgi
https://imdagrimet.gov.in/weatherdata/BlockWindow.php
https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/india
ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes does not
claim accuracy of it.
II. Water management (Dr. A.K.
Upadhyay & Yukti Verma)
A)
Days after pruning : 33 days
B)
Pan evaporation : 8 to 11mm
1.
In many areas, rains are forecasted.
Application of water should be strictly based upon soil moisture content. In
case soil is at field capacity (wapsa condition), donot irrigate the vineyard.
2.
After foundation pruning, during
shoot growth stage, apply 13,600 – 18,700 L/acre per day of irrigation water.
If EC of the irrigation water is less than 1 dS/m, then apply 10,880 –
14,000 L/acre per day.
3.
In case vigour is more than desired,
then reduce irrigation water application to 6,800 – 9,400 L/ acre.
Still if you are not able to control the vigour, stop irrigation till
such time growth is controlled.
4.
Cover the cordons of the pruned
vines with shadenet, if available, for uniform
sprouting as well as reducing the irrigation water needs by 20-25 %.
Shadenet coverage will reduce the temperature impact on the cordons.
However, remove shadenet after 3-5 leaf stage. If
shadenet is not available, spray the cordons with water during the peak heat
period i.e. 2-3 pm to reduce the heat effect on the buds.
5.
In case there is probability of
less irrigation water availability, then flood the bund (not whole vineyard)
at pruning and mulch the bunds. Flooding the bund will reduce
the accumulated salt load in the root zone and mulching will reduce the
evaporation of water from soil surface. Thus, this will
reduce the salt load in the soil and at the same time saturate the soil leading
to proper sprouting. Further, in case less irrigation water
is available still the newly emerging shoots will not be damaged due to
salinity.
6.
During fruit bud differentiation
stage, shoot vigour to be controlled and hence, the irrigation water applied
should be from 5000 to 6000 L/ acre/ day.
7.
For fruit bud differentiation stage,
stress needs to be given. In clayey soil as the water holding capacity is
higher, please note that stress needs to be imposed early else fruitfulness will
be affected.
8.
As the temperatures are increasing
and wherever, its crossing 42-43°C, the irrigation water application during
fruit bud differentiation could be near field capacity or wapsa condition.
However, reduce/ stop water to manage the canopy, if new growth is observed.
9.
Practice mulching to keep the bunds
moistened. This will reduce the salinity build up in the root zone due to
evaporation of the moisture from the surface of the bund.
10.
Flooding the vineyard is not advised
as it will lead to wastage of water. Concentrate irrigation
water application in the root zone only.
Shoot growth stage
1.
Apply 50 kg urea/ acre in 5-6 splits
after sprouting. In calcareous soils, donot apply urea,
instead use Ammonium sulphate @ 85 kg/acre in atleast 7-8 splits from sprouting
onwards.
2.
In case of vigorous growth of shoots,
stop nitrogen application and wait for the growth to stabilize before resuming
nitrogen application. If still the growth continues, then
reduce irrigation. Then resume when growth is maintained at
desired level.
3.
Based upon soil test value, apply
Zinc sulphate @10 kg/acre along with Ferrous sulphate @10kg/acre followed by
Magnesium sulphate @15kg/acre in atleast 2 splits during 5-7 leaf stage. Boron
application should be strictly based upon soil and petiole test.
4.
In calcareous soils, spray magnesium
sulphate and potassium sulphate @2 gm each/ L during active growing stage.
5.
Possibility of leaf curling, check the leaf
margins, if slight to more yellow, possibility of potassium deficiency.
Foliar spray of SOP @ 3g/L followed by fertigation of 20-25 kg SOP/acre
in 2 to 3 splits.
Fruit bud differentiation stage
1.
Based upon soil test values, apply 20
– 25 kg phosphoric acid or 150 kg SSP in case the soils are deficient in
phosphorus. Phosphoric acid application is desirable in
calcareous soils. Donot apply beyond this until and unless the soil and petiole
tests show low phosphorus availability.
2.
Donot apply any water soluble
fertilizer having nitrogen.
3.
At 45 DAP, perform petiole test to
know the nutrient content of the vines. The petioles should
be collected from 5th leaf from the base of the shoot even counting the leaves
that have been removed.
4.
Apply Magnesium sulphate @ 15kg/ acre
in atleast 2 splits from 45 to 55 DAP.
5.
In calcareous soils, spray magnesium
sulphate and potassium sulphate @ 3 gm each/ L once only during 45 to 55 DAP.
6.
Keep a close watch on the development
of leaf blackening symptoms if irrigation water contains sodium more than
100ppm.
7.
Possibility of leaf curling, check the
leaf margins, if slight to more yellow, possibility of potassium deficiency.
Foliar spray of SOP @ 3-4g/L followed by fertigation of 20-25 kg SOP/acre
in 2 to 3 splits.
8.
In coloured varieties like Jumbo,
Nanasaheb Purple etc., leaf curling along with reddening/ bronzing of the leaf
margin can be observed if potassium deficiency is there.
Foliar spray of SOP @ 3g/L followed by fertigation of 20-25 kg SOP/acre in 2 to
3 splits.
III. Requirement of growth regulators
(Dr. S.D. Ramteke)
-
NIL
IV. Canopy Management (Dr. R.G.Somkuwar)
During the last week, many grape vineyard experienced rainfall. Based on the
present condition, the management for different growth stages is suggested
as below
1.
In case of heavy rainfall and
hailstorm, the growing shoot has been broken.
2.
Spray copper fungicide @1.5 g per
litre water/
3.
Under the situation of minor damage
of hailstorm to the shoots, one spray of fungicide followed by trichoderma will
help.
4.
Under the condition of severe damage,
pinch the shoot one bud below the damage and allow new shoot to grow.
5.
Under the condition of high rainfall,
the humidity build up will be more. This may impart high vigor.
6.
The early pruned vineyards will be in
fruit bud formation stage. Hence, application of phosphorus and potassium grade
fertilizer should be applied through drip (3 to 4 kg per acre - once) and spray
@ 2 to 2.5 g per litre water.
7.
Application of Trichoderma through
soil drenching and spray can help under increased relative humidity.
8.
In just pruned vineyards, the
present rainfall and also cloudy weather will help for early and uniform bud
sprouts.
V. Disease management (Dr. Sujoy Saha)
Days after
fruit pruning |
Risk of
diseases |
|||
Downy
mildew |
Powdery
mildew |
Anthracnose |
Others
(specify) |
|
33 |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
As rains are forecasted in end-May, a
preventive application of mancozeb @ 2-2.5g/L may be given. Excess application
of Bordeaux mixture is to be avoided. Trichoderma application through drip
should be given before pruning. If pruning is completed in early pruned areas,
cordon wash with mancozeb and sulphur should be done once. If in early sprouting
stage one spray of copper oxychloride or copper hydroxide may be given
@1.5-2g/l. Anthracnose or bacterial spot attack may occur immediately after
rains. Removal of old infected material especially of anthracnose is a must to
prevent fresh infection.
VI.
Insect and Mite management. (Dr. D.S. Yadav)
Days after
pruning |
Risk of pests |
||||
Mealybug |
Mite |
Thrips/leafhopper |
Caterpillar |
Flea beetle |
|
Early shoot
growth |
Moderate |
Nil |
Moderate |
Low to moderate |
Moderate to High |
New vineyards |
Moderate |
Nil |
Very high |
Low to moderate |
Moderate |
·
Give preventive spray of imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.4 ml
per litre water at the time of bud sprouting after April pruning to manage flea
beetle and mealybug shoot malformation.
·
For flea beetle management during early shoot growth,
spray imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.4 ml per litre or fipronil 80 WG @ 0.06 g per
litre or lambda cyhalothrin 4.9 CS @ 0.5 ml per litre water during early morning
hours or late evening. If that is not found sufficient to manage flea beetle,
give soil drenching of imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 1.5 ml per vine also.
·
For thrips management in new vineyards or new shoot
growth after April pruning, give regular applications of effective insecticides
such as spinosad 45 SC @ 0.25 ml/l, spinetoram 11.7 SC @ 0.3 ml/l,
cyantraniliprole 10 OD @ 0.7 ml/l, emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 0.22g/l or fipronil
80 WG @ 0.0625 g/l water when thrips population is 5 per shoot or above.
·
In case of caterpillar infestation, the sprays of
spinetoram 11.7 SC @ 0.3 ml/l, cyantraniliprole 10 OD @ 0.7 ml/l, emamectin
benzoate 5 SG @ 0.22g/l or fipronil 80 WG @ 0.0625 g/l water given for thrips
management will help in managing caterpillars too.
·
Install light traps to monitor emergence of Stromatium
barbatum stem borer adults. Watch the following video for detailed
information on its management on NRCG’s YouTube channel
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yvx7dIbPEAU