WEATHER BASED GRAPE ADVISORY

WEATHER DATA FOR THE PREVAILING WEEK

Date of Foundation Pruning: 16/04/2022

Thursday (19/05/022)–Wednesday (25/05/2022)

 

Location

Temperature

(°C)

 

Possibility of Rain

Cloud Cover

Wind Speed

(Km/hr)

Min-Max

R H%

 

Min

Max

Min

Max

Nashik

23-25

35-38

Nashik -Fri- Drizzling, Dindori- Fri , Mon- Drizzling, Vani, Loni, Palkhed, Kalwan, Pimpalgaon Baswant, Ozar- Thu-Wed - No Rain.

Clear to cloudy

16-33

19-31

75-86

Pune

22-23

33-39

Pune- Fri- Drizzling. Phursungi, Loni Kalbhor, Uruli Kanchan, Patas, Yavat, Narayangaon, Indapur,  Baramati –Thu-Wed - No Rain.

Clear to cloudy

15-30

18-40

72-81

Solapur

23-24

34-37

Solapur, Ausa- Thu, Fri, Sat- Drizzling to Moderate rain, Latur, Pandharpur- Thu, Fri- Drizzling, Barshi, - Fri- Drizzling, Vairag, Nannaj- Thu- Drizzling. Tuljapur- Thu-Wed - No Rain.

Clear to cloudy

12-30

19-25

49-63

Sangli

23-24

30-33

Sangli, Tasgaon, Kawthe, Khanapur Vita, Palus, Arag, Kagvad- Thu, Fri- Drizzling Miraj- Thu, Fri, Sat, Mon- Drizzling, Walva- Fri- Drizzling. Shirguppi- Thu- Drizzling, Shetfal, , Palsi- Thu-Wed- No Rain.

Clear to cloudy

13-29

29-41

73-81

Vijayapura

21-25

31-35

Vijayapura- Thu, Fri Sat- Drizzling to moderate rain Chadchan, Tikota & Telsang – Thu- Drizzling.

Clear to cloudy

12-36

26-43

44-76

Hyderabad

22-24

33-37

Hyderabad, Medchal– Thu, Fri, Wed-Drizzling. Zahirabad– Thu, Tue, Wed- Drizzling.

Clear to cloudy

10-23

18-41

44-70

Satara

22-24

32-34

Satara, Khatav, Phaltan- Thu-Wed- No Rain.

Clear

11-25

24-44

75-86

Ahmednagar

22-25

38-39

Jamkhed, Karjat- Fri - Drizzling. Ahmednagar, Akole,  Rahata, Kopargaon,  Shrigonda, Sangamner, - Thu-Wed- No Rain.

Clear to cloudy

17-33

15-22

45-71

Jalna

23-27

39-40

Gansawangi, - Fri- Drizzling Mantha, Ambad, Jalna, Jafrabad - Thu- Wed- No Rain.

Clear to cloudy

14-29

14-18

27-56

Buldhana

26-30

39-42

Buldana, Fri, Sat - Drizzling Chikhli, Sindkhedraja, Fri- Drizzling D.raja- Thu- Wed- No Rain

 Clear to cloudy

13-29

15-18

32-56

Kolhapur

25-26

28-34

Gagan-bavada - Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun, Mon- Drizzling, Kagal, Karveer- Fri, Sat - Drizzling.

Clear to cloudy

08-13

44-70

92-94

Bengaluru Rural

17-19

22-25

Anekal- Thu Fri, Sat, Sun, Mon- Drizzling-Moderate rain. Doddaballapur, Thu Fri, Sun, -Drizzling-Moderate rain. Bengaluru-east, Bengaluru-north, Bengaluru-south- Thu Fri, Sat, Sun- Drizzling- Moderate rain.

Clear to cloudy

08-27

52-81

78-90

Belagavi

22-24

24-32

Belagavi, Chikodi- Thu Fri, Sat, Mon- Drizzling- Moderate rain. Gokak, Athni- Thu Fri, Sat- Drizzling- Moderate rain. Khanapur - Thu Fri, Sat, Sun, Mon - Drizzling- Moderate rain.

Clear to cloudy

12-23

39-75

88-91

Bidar

21-23

33-36

Bidar, Basavakalyan, Humnabad – Thu Fri,

Sat - Drizzling- Moderate rain.

Clear to cloudy

11-26

19-37

46-65

Bagalkot

20-24

23-32

Bagalkot,  Mudhol, Jamkhandi,– Thu Fri, Sat - Drizzling- Moderate rain. Hungund- Thu Fri, Sat, Mon - Drizzling- Moderate rain.

Clear to cloudy

11-33

33-69

50-80

 

Note: Above weather information is summary of weather forecasting given in following websites

https://www.wunderground.com/?cm_ven=cgi

https://imdagrimet.gov.in/weatherdata/BlockWindow.php

https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/india

ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes does not claim accuracy of it.  

 

 

II. Water management (Dr. A.K. Upadhyay & Yukti Verma)

A)    Days after pruning : 33 days

B)    Pan evaporation : 8 to 11mm

 

1.      In many areas, rains are forecasted. Application of water should be strictly based upon soil moisture content. In case soil is at field capacity (wapsa condition), donot irrigate the vineyard.

2.      After foundation pruning, during shoot growth stage, apply 13,600 – 18,700 L/acre per day of irrigation water.  If EC of the irrigation water is less than 1 dS/m, then apply 10,880 – 14,000 L/acre per day.

3.      In case vigour is more than desired, then reduce irrigation water application to 6,800 – 9,400 L/ acre.  Still if you are not able to control the vigour, stop irrigation till such time growth is controlled.

4.      Cover the cordons of the pruned vines with shadenet, if available, for uniform sprouting as well as reducing the irrigation water needs by 20-25 %.  Shadenet coverage will reduce the temperature impact on the cordons.  However, remove shadenet after 3-5 leaf stage.  If shadenet is not available, spray the cordons with water during the peak heat period i.e. 2-3 pm to reduce the heat effect on the buds.

5.      In case there is probability of less irrigation water availability, then flood the bund (not whole vineyard) at pruning and mulch the bunds.  Flooding the bund will reduce the accumulated salt load in the root zone and mulching will reduce the evaporation of water from soil surface.  Thus, this will reduce the salt load in the soil and at the same time saturate the soil leading to proper sprouting.  Further, in case less irrigation water is available still the newly emerging shoots will not be damaged due to salinity.

6.      During fruit bud differentiation stage, shoot vigour to be controlled and hence, the irrigation water applied should be from 5000 to 6000 L/ acre/ day.

7.      For fruit bud differentiation stage, stress needs to be given. In clayey soil as the water holding capacity is higher, please note that stress needs to be imposed early else fruitfulness will be affected.

8.      As the temperatures are increasing and wherever, its crossing 42-43°C, the irrigation water application during fruit bud differentiation could be near field capacity or wapsa condition. However, reduce/ stop water to manage the canopy, if new growth is observed.

9.      Practice mulching to keep the bunds moistened. This will reduce the salinity build up in the root zone due to evaporation of the moisture from the surface of the bund.

10.  Flooding the vineyard is not advised as it will lead to wastage of water.  Concentrate irrigation water application in the root zone only.

 

Shoot growth stage

1.         Apply 50 kg urea/ acre in 5-6 splits after sprouting.  In calcareous soils, donot apply urea, instead use Ammonium sulphate @ 85 kg/acre in atleast 7-8 splits from sprouting onwards.

2.         In case of vigorous growth of shoots, stop nitrogen application and wait for the growth to stabilize before resuming nitrogen application.  If still the growth continues, then reduce irrigation.  Then resume when growth is maintained at desired level.

3.         Based upon soil test value, apply Zinc sulphate @10 kg/acre along with Ferrous sulphate @10kg/acre followed by Magnesium sulphate @15kg/acre in atleast 2 splits during 5-7 leaf stage. Boron application should be strictly based upon soil and petiole test.

4.         In calcareous soils, spray magnesium sulphate and potassium sulphate @2 gm each/ L during active growing stage.

5.         Possibility of leaf curling, check the leaf margins, if slight to more yellow, possibility of potassium deficiency.  Foliar spray of SOP @ 3g/L followed by fertigation of 20-25 kg SOP/acre in 2 to 3 splits.

 

Fruit bud differentiation stage

1.    Based upon soil test values, apply 20 – 25 kg phosphoric acid or 150 kg SSP in case the soils are deficient in phosphorus.  Phosphoric acid application is desirable in calcareous soils. Donot apply beyond this until and unless the soil and petiole tests show low phosphorus availability.

2.    Donot apply any water soluble fertilizer having nitrogen.

3.    At 45 DAP, perform petiole test to know the nutrient content of the vines.  The petioles should be collected from 5th leaf from the base of the shoot even counting the leaves that have been removed.

4.    Apply Magnesium sulphate @ 15kg/ acre in atleast 2 splits from 45 to 55 DAP.

5.    In calcareous soils, spray magnesium sulphate and potassium sulphate @ 3 gm each/ L once only during 45 to 55 DAP.

6.    Keep a close watch on the development of leaf blackening symptoms if irrigation water contains sodium more than 100ppm.

7.    Possibility of leaf curling, check the leaf margins, if slight to more yellow, possibility of potassium deficiency.  Foliar spray of SOP @ 3-4g/L followed by fertigation of 20-25 kg SOP/acre in 2 to 3 splits.

8.    In coloured varieties like Jumbo, Nanasaheb Purple etc., leaf curling along with reddening/ bronzing of the leaf margin can be observed if potassium deficiency is there.  Foliar spray of SOP @ 3g/L followed by fertigation of 20-25 kg SOP/acre in 2 to 3 splits.

 

III. Requirement of growth regulators (Dr. S.D. Ramteke)

 

-          NIL

 

IV. Canopy Management (Dr. R.G.Somkuwar)


During the last week, many grape vineyard experienced rainfall. Based on the present condition,  the management for different growth stages is suggested as below 

1.      In case of heavy rainfall and hailstorm, the growing shoot has been broken. 

2.      Spray copper fungicide @1.5 g per litre water/

3.      Under the situation of minor damage of hailstorm to the shoots, one spray of fungicide followed by trichoderma will help.

4.      Under the condition of severe damage,  pinch the shoot one bud below the damage and allow new shoot to grow.

5.      Under the condition of high rainfall,  the humidity build up will be more. This may impart high vigor.  

6.      The early pruned vineyards will be in fruit bud formation stage. Hence, application of phosphorus and potassium grade fertilizer should be applied through drip (3 to 4 kg per acre - once) and spray @ 2 to 2.5 g per litre water. 

7.      Application of Trichoderma through soil drenching and spray can help under increased relative humidity. 

8.      In just pruned vineyards,  the present rainfall and also cloudy weather will help for early and uniform bud sprouts. 

 

 

V. Disease management (Dr. Sujoy Saha)

 

Days after fruit pruning

Risk of diseases

Downy mildew

Powdery mildew

Anthracnose

Others (specify)

33

Nil

Nil

Nil

 

Nil

 

 

 As rains are forecasted in end-May, a preventive application of mancozeb @ 2-2.5g/L may be given. Excess application of Bordeaux mixture is to be avoided. Trichoderma application through drip should be given before pruning. If pruning is completed in early pruned areas, cordon wash with mancozeb and sulphur should be done once. If in early sprouting stage one spray of copper oxychloride or copper hydroxide may be given @1.5-2g/l. Anthracnose or bacterial spot attack may occur immediately after rains. Removal of old infected material especially of anthracnose is a must to prevent fresh infection.

 

 

VI.    Insect and Mite management. (Dr. D.S. Yadav)

Days after pruning

Risk of pests

Mealybug

Mite

Thrips/leafhopper

Caterpillar

Flea beetle

Early shoot growth

Moderate

Nil

Moderate

Low to moderate

Moderate to High

New vineyards

Moderate

Nil

Very high

Low to moderate

Moderate

 

·      Give preventive spray of imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.4 ml per litre water at the time of bud sprouting after April pruning to manage flea beetle and mealybug shoot malformation.

·      For flea beetle management during early shoot growth, spray imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.4 ml per litre or fipronil 80 WG @ 0.06 g per litre or lambda cyhalothrin 4.9 CS @ 0.5 ml per litre water during early morning hours or late evening. If that is not found sufficient to manage flea beetle, give soil drenching of imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 1.5 ml per vine also.

·      For thrips management in new vineyards or new shoot growth after April pruning, give regular applications of effective insecticides such as spinosad 45 SC @ 0.25 ml/l, spinetoram 11.7 SC @ 0.3 ml/l, cyantraniliprole 10 OD @ 0.7 ml/l, emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 0.22g/l or fipronil 80 WG @ 0.0625 g/l water when thrips population is 5 per shoot or above.

·      In case of caterpillar infestation, the sprays of spinetoram 11.7 SC @ 0.3 ml/l, cyantraniliprole 10 OD @ 0.7 ml/l, emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 0.22g/l or fipronil 80 WG @ 0.0625 g/l water given for thrips management will help in managing caterpillars too.

·      Install light traps to monitor emergence of Stromatium barbatum stem borer adults. Watch the following video for detailed information on its management on NRCG’s YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yvx7dIbPEAU